Calculate dB loss from input and output power or voltage, find the power or voltage left after a known dB loss, or work out ideal splitter loss in dBm.
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dB Loss Formula
The following formula is used to calculate the dB loss.
Variables:
- Input power is the positive linear power before attenuation, such as watts.
- Output power is the positive linear power after attenuation, expressed in the same unit.
For linear power, use 10 log10(input/output). For voltage or amplitude at equal impedance, use 20 log10(input/output). Subtract logarithmic power levels only when they share the same reference, for example dBm minus dBm.
What is dB Loss?
dB Loss, or decibel loss, quantifies the reduction in signal strength as it travels through a medium or an electronic component. It is a logarithmic measure used in electronics, telecommunications, and acoustics to describe the attenuation or loss of signal power. Understanding dB loss is crucial for designing systems that require signal transmission over long distances or through various materials.
How to Calculate dB Loss?
The following steps outline how to calculate the dB Loss.
- First, select Power loss and enter the input power with its unit.
- Next, enter the output power with its unit.
- Use Loss = 10 log10(input power / output power), after converting both powers to the same unit.
- Select Calculate. Positive loss means attenuation; negative loss means gain.
- After inserting the variables and calculating the result, check your answer with the calculator above.
Example Problem :
Use the following variables as an example problem to test your knowledge.
Input power = 100 W
Output power = 85 W; loss = 10 log10(100/85) ≈ 0.7058 dB, with 85% of input power remaining.
