Enter the number of males and females into the calculator to determine the parity ratio. The parity ratio is a demographic measure that provides the ratio of males to females in a given population.
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Parity Ratio Formula
The calculator uses three formulas, one per mode.
PPP salary mode and Custom PPP mode use the same conversion:
Target Income = Source Income × (Target PPP / Source PPP)
Count ratio mode uses:
Parity Ratio = Group A / Group B
- Source Income: salary in the origin country, annual or monthly.
- Source PPP: purchasing power parity factor for the origin country, in local currency per international dollar.
- Target PPP: PPP factor for the destination country.
- Target Income: equivalent income in the destination country’s currency.
- Group A, Group B: counts of the two groups being compared (often males and females, or enrolled students by category).
The PPP salary tab pulls the PPP factors from a built-in country list. The Custom PPP tab lets you enter your own PPP values from World Bank, OECD, or IMF data. The Count ratio tab solves for whichever of the three values (Group A, Group B, or ratio) you leave blank.
Reference Tables
Typical PPP conversion factors for private consumption, expressed as local currency units per international dollar. Use these as a sanity check on the Custom PPP inputs.
| Country | Currency | PPP factor |
|---|---|---|
| United States | USD | 1.000 |
| United Kingdom | GBP | 0.681 |
| Germany | EUR | 0.728 |
| Australia | AUD | 1.419 |
| Japan | JPY | 97.573 |
| India | INR | 24.059 |
| China | CNY | 4.022 |
| Brazil | BRL | 2.530 |
How to read a count parity ratio:
| Ratio | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Below 0.97 | Group A underrepresented |
| 0.97 to 1.03 | Parity (UNESCO standard band) |
| Above 1.03 | Group A overrepresented |
Examples and FAQ
Example 1: Salary move from the US to India. You earn $80,000 per year in the United States and want the equivalent purchasing power in India. Using PPP factors of 1.000 and 24.059:
Target Income = 80,000 × (24.059 / 1.000) = ₹1,924,720 per year.
Example 2: Gender parity in enrollment. A school enrolls 480 girls and 500 boys. Parity ratio = 480 / 500 = 0.96. That falls just below the 0.97 to 1.03 parity band, so girls are slightly underrepresented.
Why does PPP differ from the exchange rate? Exchange rates respond to capital flows, interest rates, and trade. PPP reflects what a basket of goods actually costs locally. The two often diverge, especially between high-income and low-income countries.
Where do PPP factors come from? The World Bank’s International Comparison Program publishes them, and the IMF and OECD republish their own series. Values update yearly.
Which group goes on top in a parity ratio? Convention puts the historically disadvantaged or smaller group in the numerator. For gender parity in education, that is usually females divided by males. Pick a convention and stick with it across comparisons.
Can the parity ratio exceed 1? Yes. A ratio above 1 means Group A outnumbers Group B. A value of 1 means equal counts.