Calculate percolation rate, water volume, or time from any two values, and convert infiltration and percolation rates in in/hr, cm/hr, min/in, and min/cm.

Percolation Rate Calculator

Enter any 2 values to calculate the missing variable

Percolation Rate Formula

The calculator uses different formulas depending on the selected mode.

Flow rate mode

PR = V / t
V = PR * t
t = V / PR
  • PR = percolation rate, such as mL/min, L/min, fl oz/min, cups/min, or gallons/min
  • V = amount of water
  • t = percolation time

This mode treats percolation as a volume passing through soil or media over time. Units are converted internally before the missing value is calculated.

Perc test mode

PRₚ = T / d
  • PR_p = perc test rate, usually in min/in or min/cm
  • T = elapsed time
  • d = water level drop distance

A lower min/in value means faster drainage. A higher min/in value means slower drainage.

Infiltration conversion mode

PRₚ = 60 / I
I = 60 / PRₚ
  • PR_p = percolation rate in min/in
  • I = infiltration rate in in/hr
  • 60 = minutes per hour

For centimeter units, the calculator uses 1 inch = 2.54 cm.

Percolation Rate Reference Tables

Use these tables as general guides. Local soil rules for septic systems, drainage fields, or stormwater design may use different cutoffs.

Perc rate Drainage description Meaning
Less than 5 min/in Very fast Water drains quickly through the soil.
5 to 15 min/in Ideal to fast Often good drainage for many soil applications.
15 to 30 min/in Moderate Water drains at a middle rate.
30 to 60 min/in Slow Water moves slowly through the soil.
More than 60 min/in Very slow Soil may hold water for a long time.
Hydrologic soil group Preset infiltration rate Equivalent perc rate
A 1.63 in/hr 36.81 min/in
B 0.45 in/hr 133.33 min/in
C 0.20 in/hr 300.00 min/in
D 0.06 in/hr 1000.00 min/in

How to Check a Percolation Rate Result

Make sure the water level drop and time are both greater than zero. Use the same test method for each hole if you compare multiple locations.

Example: if the water drops 2 inches in 30 minutes, the perc rate is:

PRₚ = 30 / 2 = 15 min / in

That result is a moderate drainage rate by the table above.