Enter the distance run and the time taken (and optionally incline and weight) into the calculator to estimate your running economy. Running economy is a measure of how much oxygen you use to travel a certain distance while running.

Running Economy Calculator

Pace → VO₂ & Economy
Race Time from VO₂max & Economy
Convert & Compare

Related Calculators

Running Economy Formula

The following formula can be used to calculate running economy when you know the oxygen consumption (VO₂) at a steady pace:

RE = \frac{VO_2 \cdot T}{D}

Variables:

  • RE is the running economy (ml/kg/km)
  • VO₂ is the oxygen consumption at the running pace (ml/kg/min)
  • T is the time spent running at that pace (minutes)
  • D is the distance covered at that pace (kilometers)

Because speed v = D/T, this is equivalent to RE = VO₂ / v (with v in km/min). In practice, VO₂ is typically measured in a lab; the calculator above estimates VO₂ from speed and incline using a standard running metabolic equation.

What is Running Economy?

Running economy is a measure of efficiency, indicating how much oxygen a person consumes while running at a certain pace. It is often measured in milliliters of oxygen consumed per kilogram of body weight per kilometer (ml/kg/km). A lower value indicates better economy, meaning the runner can maintain a given speed while using less oxygen, which is advantageous for endurance performance.

How to Calculate Running Economy?

The following steps outline how to calculate Running Economy.


  1. First, determine the distance run (D) in kilometers.
  2. Next, determine the time taken to run the distance (T) in minutes.
  3. Next, measure VO₂ at that pace (ml/kg/min) or estimate it using a metabolic equation (often using speed and incline).
  4. Next, gather the formula from above: RE = (VO₂ × T) / D.
  5. Finally, calculate the Running Economy (RE) in ml/kg/km (lower values indicate better economy at that pace/grade).
  6. After inserting the variables and calculating the result, check your answer with the calculator above.

Example Problem:

Use the following variables as an example problem to test your knowledge.

Distance run (D) = 10 kilometers

Time taken to run the distance (T) = 50 minutes

Speed v = D/T = 0.2 km/min (12 km/h). On level ground (0% incline), an estimate is VO₂ ≈ 3.5 + 0.2 × 200 = 43.5 ml/kg/min (since 12 km/h = 200 m/min), so RE = (VO₂ × T) / D ≈ (43.5 × 50) / 10 = 217.5 ml/kg/km.