Calculate ejection fraction (EF) with the Teichholz formula from LVIDd and LVIDs, plus estimated EDV, ESV, stroke volume and fractional shortening.

End-diastolic LV internal dimension, from the same echo study as LVIDs.

End-systolic LV internal dimension; must be smaller than LVIDd.

Applies to all dimensions. Switching relabels the entered numbers; it does not convert them.

Optional settings

Medical disclaimer: This calculator provides an educational estimate only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, or make clinical decisions—LVEF interpretation should be performed by a qualified clinician using validated echocardiographic methods and the official report. If you have symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting, or severe dizziness, seek urgent medical care.

Limitations (important)

  • The Teichholz method derives LV volume from a single linear dimension. ASE/EACVI adult guidance does not recommend these linear-derived volumes for clinical use; the limitation is not confined to abnormal LV shape.
  • It can be less accurate when LV geometry is abnormal (for example: regional wall motion abnormalities, LV aneurysm, significant remodeling, or asymmetric hypertrophy).
  • When image quality allows, clinicians often prefer methods such as biplane Simpson’s (method of disks) and/or 3D echocardiography for LV volumes and LVEF.

Teichholz Formula

The historical Teichholz equation estimates LV volume from an echocardiographic internal dimension. Full mode applies it to LVIDd and LVIDs to estimate EDV, ESV and LVEF; Single mode estimates volume from one dimension without assigning a cardiac phase. Select the shared cm or mm unit. Changing the setting reinterprets the same entered numbers; it does not convert them.

Important: This is an educational calculation, not a clinical LVEF measurement or diagnosis. The 2015 ASE/EACVI adult recommendations reject Teichholz-derived volumes for clinical use; biplane Simpson and feasible good-quality 3D measurements are recommended alternatives.

EDV = ( (7.0) / ((2.4 + LVIDd)) )LVIDd3
ESV = ( (7.0) / ((2.4 + LVIDs)) )LVIDs3
LVEF(%) = ((EDV − ESV) / (EDV))× 100

Variables:

  • EDV is the estimated end-diastolic volume (mL)
  • ESV is the estimated end-systolic volume (mL)
  • LVEF is the left ventricular ejection fraction (%)
  • LVIDd is the left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole (cm)
  • LVIDs is the left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole (cm)

To calculate LVEF using the Teichholz method, you measure both LVIDd and LVIDs during an echocardiogram, compute EDV and ESV using the Teichholz volume equation, and then calculate ejection fraction from those volumes.

What is the Teichholz Formula?

The Teichholz formula is a historical mathematical model for LV volume from a linear dimension. Using both LVIDd and LVIDs produces estimated EDV and ESV. Estimated LVEF is (EDV − ESV) ÷ EDV × 100; fractional shortening is (LVIDd − LVIDs) ÷ LVIDd × 100. These are different quantities, and no diagnostic categories are assigned here.

How to Calculate LVEF Using the Teichholz Formula?

The following steps outline how to calculate the left ventricular ejection fraction using the Teichholz method.

  1. Use the LV internal dimension at end-diastole (LVIDd) from the echocardiographic study, in the selected cm or mm unit.
  2. Use the end-systolic dimension (LVIDs) from the same study and in the same selected unit. This full solve retains the scope 0 < LVIDs < LVIDd.
  3. Calculate EDV and ESV using the Teichholz volume equation: V = (7.0 / (2.4 + D)) × D3 (with D in cm and V in mL).
  4. Calculate LVEF: LVEF (%) = ((EDV − ESV) / EDV) × 100.
  5. Use this calculator to estimate EDV/ESV/LVEF from provided LVID measurements. For clinical decisions, rely on the official echocardiogram report and clinician interpretation.

Example Problem:

Use the following variables as an example problem to test your knowledge.

Left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole (LVIDd) = 5.0 cm

Left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole (LVIDs) = 3.0 cm

EDV = (7.0 / (2.4 + 5.0)) × 5.03 ≈ 118.2 mL, ESV = (7.0 / (2.4 + 3.0)) × 3.03 ≈ 35.0 mL, so LVEF ≈ ((118.2 − 35.0) / 118.2) × 100 ≈ 70.4%.

Methodology & references

Method note: This tool uses the empirical Teichholz equation V = (7.0 / (2.4 + D)) × D³, calibrated with D in centimeters and volume in mL. Millimeters are divided by 10 before applying the entire equation; raw millimeter values must not be substituted into its centimeter-specific denominator. Exact rational arithmetic precedes display rounding, with scientific notation for very small or large positive results. Numerical precision does not establish clinical accuracy.