Enter the IU/mL value and select the substance into the calculator to determine the equivalent concentration in ng/mL. Because IU is based on biological activity rather than mass, the conversion depends on the selected vitamin or drug.

IU/mL to ng/mL Converter

Enter the IU/mL value and choose a substance to calculate the equivalent ng/mL concentration.

IU/mL to ng/mL Formula

The following formula is used to convert a concentration from IU/mL to ng/mL.

ng/mL = IU/mL × (ng per IU)

The inverse relationship is:

IU/mL = ng/mL / (ng per IU)

Variables:

  • ng/mL is the concentration in nanograms per milliliter
  • IU/mL is the concentration in international units per milliliter
  • ng per IU is the mass equivalent of one IU for the selected substance

To calculate ng/mL, multiply the IU/mL concentration by the substance-specific number of nanograms represented by 1 IU.

What is IU/mL to ng/mL?

IU/mL expresses the biological activity of a substance per milliliter, while ng/mL expresses the actual mass of that substance per milliliter. Since an International Unit is defined differently for different vitamins, hormones, and drugs, there is no single universal IU-to-ng conversion. Instead, each substance has its own established mass equivalent for 1 IU.

For example, 1 IU of vitamin D is commonly treated as 25 ng, while 1 IU of vitamin A (retinol) is commonly treated as 300 ng. That means the same IU/mL value can correspond to very different ng/mL values depending on the substance selected.

Common IU to ng Reference Values

  • Vitamin D (cholecalciferol): 1 IU ≈ 25 ng
  • Vitamin A (retinol): 1 IU ≈ 300 ng
  • Vitamin A (beta-carotene): 1 IU ≈ 600 ng
  • Vitamin E (d-α-tocopherol): 1 IU ≈ 670,000 ng
  • Vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate): 1 IU ≈ 900,000 ng
  • Penicillin G: 1 IU ≈ 600 ng
  • Generic substance: 1 IU = 1 ng

How to Convert IU/mL to ng/mL?

The following steps outline how to convert IU/mL to ng/mL.


  1. First, determine the concentration in IU/mL.
  2. Next, identify the substance and its conversion factor in ng per IU.
  3. Multiply the IU/mL value by the ng per IU factor using the formula ng/mL = IU/mL × (ng per IU).
  4. After inserting the values and calculating the result, check your answer with the calculator above.

IU/mL to ng/mL Conversion Table

The table below shows example conversions for a concentration of 1 IU/mL for several common substances.

Substance Approx. ng per IU 1 IU/mL in ng/mL
Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) 25 25 ng/mL
Vitamin A (retinol) 300 300 ng/mL
Vitamin A (beta-carotene) 600 600 ng/mL
Vitamin E (d-α-tocopherol) 670,000 670,000 ng/mL
Vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) 900,000 900,000 ng/mL
Penicillin G 600 600 ng/mL
Generic substance (1 IU = 1 ng) 1 1 ng/mL

Laboratory and supplement references may report activity as IU/mL or mass as ng/mL depending on the analyte and test method. Using the correct conversion factor for the specific substance allows you to move between these units accurately.

Example Problem:

Use the following examples to test your understanding.

Example 1: Vitamin D concentration = 2 IU/mL

Vitamin D factor = 25 ng per IU

Result: 2 × 25 = 50 ng/mL

Example 2: Vitamin A (retinol) concentration = 0.5 IU/mL

Vitamin A factor = 300 ng per IU

Result: 0.5 × 300 = 150 ng/mL