Convert molarity to normality or reverse it with reaction n-factor presets, solve the n-factor, or calculate solute mass for solution preparation.

Equivalents per mole for the specified reaction and endpoint.

Related Calculators

Molarity to Normality Formula

The following formula is used to calculate the normality for a given molarity and reaction-specific equivalents per mole.

N = M × E

Variables:

  • N is the normality
  • M is the molarity
  • E is the reaction n-factor in equivalents per mole (eq/mol), for a specified reaction and endpoint

To calculate normality in eq/L, multiply molarity in mol/L by the reaction-specific equivalents per mole.

Molarity to Normality Conversion Table (n-factor = 1 eq/mol)
Molarity (M, mol/L) Normality (N, eq/L)
0.0010.001
0.0050.005
0.0100.010
0.0200.020
0.0500.050
0.1000.100
0.2000.200
0.2500.250
0.5000.500
0.7500.750
1.0001.000
1.5001.500
2.0002.000
2.5002.500
3.0003.000
4.0004.000
5.0005.000
6.0006.000
8.0008.000
10.00010.000
Assumes a specified reaction with n-factor = 1 eq/mol. In this case, 1 M = 1 N. For other reactions, N = M × reaction n-factor; charge or compound identity alone may not determine it.

What is Normality?

Normality (N) is the reactive equivalent concentration in eq/L for a specified reaction. It equals molarity multiplied by that reaction’s equivalents per mole and is used in titration calculations. State the reaction and endpoint: the same solution can have different normalities for different reactions.

How to Calculate Normality?

The following steps outline how to calculate the Normality.

  1. First, determine the molarity (M) of the solution.
  2. Next, determine equivalents per mole (E) from the specified reaction and endpoint.
  3. Finally, calculate the normality using the formula N = M * E.
  4. After inserting the values and calculating the result, check your answer with the calculator above.

Example Problem : 

Use the following variables as an example problem to test your knowledge.

Molarity (M) = 2 M

Reaction n-factor (E) = 3 eq/mol. For this specified reaction, normality = 2 × 3 = 6 N.